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Craft stores may be filled with coloring books, craft kits and precut
models, but some of the best ways to foster creativity require only the
simplest materials and few complicated directions. You can encourage
your child’s self-expression through process-oriented art: simply put,
art that is based on exploration and allows different outcomes, rather
than emulating a preconceived finished product.
After all, the essence of art is expressing oneself. “When children
are very young, they may start making marks on walls and other places
parents don’t appreciate. Early art education helps them learn to make
their mark on the world in ways that people will appreciate,” says Dr.
Kerry Freedman, Head of Art and Design Education at Northern Illinois
University. “They learn that they can actually have an impact on the
world through the visual arts.”
The key to creativity is to find the kind of art education that will help foster young minds to think in innovative ways.
Do’s and Don’ts for Encouraging Your Child’s Creativity
Don’t Follow Directions. That’s right. While
learning to follow directions can be an important skill for youngsters,
too much direction can stunt the creative process.
“If they are only following what an adult has created and then [are]
asked to copy the adult’s work, then they are learning to follow
directions—a fine skill—but they are not growing creatively,” says
MaryAnn Kohl, an arts educator and author based in Bellingham,
Washington.
What young kids need in order to develop a sense of self-expression
is the chance to make their own decisions in their artwork. “Children
can come to rely on the feedback or approval of an adult,” explains
Molly Campbell, Manager of the San Francisco Children’s Art Center.
“Rather than trusting their own judgment or feeling safe enough to play
around with different outcomes, they should take risks and make
mistakes—all important aspects of creating knowledge and of the creative
process.”
Do Choose Materials Carefully. Steer away from
coloring books or kits that come with premade pieces or specific
directions. The most basic supplies are often the best ones for
encouraging creativity. A plain sketchbook, a variety of colored
pencils, or an assortment of papers can lead to open-ended
trial-and-error style exploration. “For all ages, crayons and plain
blank paper are at the tip-top of any list of ‘must haves’ for creative
or process art. Scissors and glue come next,” says Kohl.
Don’t Ask, “Is that a flower?” Adults often want to
know what a child is drawing, but that’s not how young minds operate.
“Try to avoid asking young children ‘what is it?’—as young children
don’t always think of their artwork as representational,” says Campbell.
“It’s better to describe what you see—what colors were used, how the
lines go, or how filled up the page is, and invite the child to tell you
about it in their own words.”
Do Take Risks. When a child is not given specific
directions on what to make, she is freer to experiment with what she can
imagine. “For example, a child might spend time cutting shapes out of
paper, tape them together, and decide it looks like a dragon,” says
Campbell, “She might then decide to color the dragon, or fold it up, or
reconfigure it in some new way where it might become something
completely different.”
Don’t Limit Art to Art Lessons. Show kids that
appreciating and creating art can be part of daily experiences. Eileen
Hopkins, a homeschooling mother of four from San Jose, California,
encourages her kids to keep nature journals while hiking or walking
around the neighborhood. “The inspiration they need to ‘make a project
their own’ is the ability to tap into their own experiences, how they
view their world,” says Hopkins.
Do Know the Difference Between “Arts” and “Crafts.”
Although the two terms may be commonly used interchangeably to describe
children’s activities, there are important differences. Crafts involve a
youngster following directions to reproduce an adult’s idea and require
no original thinking. Although arts and crafts should not be confused
with each other, they each serve a purpose in education. “Crafts are
meant to be useful or practical, or to reinforce a fact or learning
theme,” says Kohl. “Value both arts and crafts experiences for exactly
what they are, but be clear when doing activities with kids and use the
words ‘crafts’ when they are following directions to copy an adult, and
‘art’ when they are experimenting with their own ideas and art materials
with an unknown outcome.”